What is Database Management System?
Computer hardware, databases, database management system software and database users are collectively called database systems. The topic of our discussion is Database Management System. The database management system is discussed below.
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A database management system, or DBMS, is software that combines interrelated information and various programs to review that information, which is used to create, modify, store, control, and manage databases. Different authors have defined database management systems differently. For example, Elmarsi & Navathe defined: "A database management system is a collection of programs that enable users to create and maintain databases." Korth, Silberschatz & Sudarhan defined: "A database management system (DBMS) consists of a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. Information can be expressed in three levels: abstract or abstract concept.
Structural Layer: This layer is the lowest layer. This means that this level is the base of the second level. At this level, details are given on how the database is structured, how the information is stored, the structure of the data, etc. Online data, data dictionary etc are included in this level.
Logical Level: At this level the original data is kept and the relationship between different data is also defined at this level. Note that this level does not require any consideration of the user's structural level.
Beginning of Presentation: This is the highest level. At this stage, it is said how the user can easily view the information stored in the database.
The purpose of database management system is to keep the database up-to-date with the latest information so that the user can get the latest information at any time as per his requirement. The activities of the database management system can be divided into two parts. eg.
Front End: The tools which are used to create the graphical user interface, i.e. through which user actions take place in the database, are called front end. Eg: Forms, Reports etc. From the front end, the database can be accessed according to the user privileges but the corners of the database cannot be changed.
Back end: The place where information or data is stored is called back end. So the back end is the holder of the information. Eg: Table, View etc. Database structural changes, number of users and user privileges are made on the back end. In addition, the responsibilities of the back end are query editing, optimization, concurrency control, recovery, etc. The database administrator is responsible for the back end.
There are three main functions of DBMS:
1. Database Construction: There are two main aspects of database construction: (a) the structure of the data and the relationship between them and (b) the data structure of the database.
2. Database Query: Users can retrieve information from the database i.e. record search and generate reports.
3. Database Maintenance: Ensuring accuracy of data, restricting access to data without approval i.e. granting user privileges (addition, modification, deletion, processing).
DBMS acts as a coordinating software between the database and the database user.
The basic functions of a database management system are as follows: The basic functions of a database management system consists of several stages. such as:
Database related: Create database as required, alter or modernize database and delete database, create or add database tables, alter or modernize table infrastructure and delete or remove tables from database.
Data and Management: Inclusion of new data/records, correction of misspelling and spelling and number of data, omission of redundant data/records, completion of last edit task, discovery and use of required data/records conditionally, complete data required Formatting alphabetically, numerically, surname or title based on field, creating reports and printing required databases, reducing potential data duplication, modernizing records.
User related: database user creation, user privileges (determining what users can do), user monitoring and control.
Security: Providing data security Monitoring the efficiency of the data storage database.
DBMS USER:
Database users are the people who work on accessing the database, deleting data, modifying the data etc. On the basis of database user skills DBMS users can be classified as follows:
1. Normal Users: Users who do not know or need to know about the internal structure of the database are simply called normal users. The scope of work of such users is limited.
2. Online Users: Users who can connect to Central Corner Database using online application software are called online users. Such users are not even aware of the internal structure of the database, can perform various tasks using only the database.
3. Application Programmer: Programmers who create application programs or user interfaces for native and online users are called application programmers. These application programs are written in a variety of programming languages such as Assembler, C, COBOL, Fortran, Pascal, Java, etc.
4. Database Administrator: The person or person over whom the central control of the database is vested is called a database administrator. In short, the person in charge of the overall database is called a database administrator. These are the highest level users who are most familiar with databases and who create, modify, extend and control databases. He is responsible for the smooth operation and management of the database.
Following are some of the notable responsibilities of a database administrator:
1. Design, modify and modify the database structure.
2. Coordinate user data collection, processing and storage.
3. Establish a data dictionary to store data definitions and values to be used in the database system.
4. Monitor and control user access.
5. Determining the accessibility of multiple users.
6. Ensure database security to prevent allowed access.
7. Arrange for the recovery of data lost or lost due to an error.
8. Monitoring the efficiency and effectiveness of the database and scaling up the requirement.
9. Backing up and restoring database.
10. Determining and expanding the memory storage of the database.
11. Switching the database on and off.
12. Control the transfer of data between internal files of the database or between other databases.
13. To act as overall advisor to the database.
14. Present and supply demand-driven data.
Advantages of DBMS:
- Reduces data redundancy.
- Modernization can be done on the basis of records.
- Specific records can be easily searched from the database and different types of reports can be generated.
- Data accuracy can be guaranteed.
- Data security can be ensured i.e. unauthorized use of data can be prevented.
- Data redundancy can be eliminated.
- The program eliminates data dependencies.
- Data can be shared easily.
Disadvantages of DBMS:
- Database processing is often slow due to incorrect data.
- Some incorrect data can affect the entire database.
- Experienced manpower is required.
- Subject to high cost.
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