What is Control Structures?
The control statement controls the flow of our C program.
 |
| Source: Pixabay |
There are 2 types of control statements.
- Condition Statement
- Loop Statement
1. Conditional Statement: -
The conditional statement is used in the C program to execute a certain code on a certain condition.
These are of the following types.
If the statement: -
In this, when the condition is true, the statement is effective.
Syntax: -
If (condition)
,
// Statement
,
If the statement example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int num = 10;
If (number == 10)
,
printf ("number is 10");
,
return 0;
,
Output:-
The number is 10
ii. if-else statement: -
In the if-else statement, the code of the if-statement will be executed if the condition is true, the code of the else statement will be executed if the condition is false.
Syntax: -
If (condition)
,
// Statement
,
other
,
// Statement
,
If-else statement example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int age;
printf ("Enter your age:");
scanf ("% d", & age);
If (age> = 10)
,
printf ("you are big");
,
other
,
printf ("you are young");
,
return 0;
Output: -
Enter your age: 15
You are young
iii. If nested: -
When we use if inside if, it is called nested if.
Syntax: -
If (condition)
,
If (condition)
,
// Statement
,
other
,
// Statement
,
,
other
,
// Statement
,
iv ladder if-otherwise: -
Nested if is an improved form of -else, where we don't have to write if inside if.
Sentence Structure :-
If (condition 1)
,
// Statement
,
Otherwise (condition 2)
,
// Statement
,
,
,
,
Otherwise if (condition)
,
// Statement
,
other
,
// Statement
,
Ladder if example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int Persent;
printf ("Enter your Persentage:");
scanf ("% d", & Persent);
If ((Persent> = 33) && (Persent <= 49))
,
printf ("third division");
,
Otherwise if ((Psent> = 50) && (Persent <= 59))
,
printf ("2nd section");
,
Otherwise if (permanent> = 60)
,
printf ("1st Division");
,
other
printf ("failed");
,
return 0;
,
Output:
Enter your percentage: 85
1st Division
Loop Statement: -
A loop is used to execute a single statement or multiple statements more than once.
The loops in C programming are of the following types-
- For the loop
- When the loop
- Do-While Loop
For I. In this, the statements are executed until the condition is true.
Sentence Structure :-
For (startup; condition; increase / decrease)
,
// code
,
Example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int i;
For (i = 0; i <= 10; i ++)
,
printf ("i's value:% d \ n", i);
,
return 0;
,
Output: -
The value of i: 0
The value of i: 1
The value of i: 2
The value of i: 3
The value of i: 4
The value of i: 5
The value of i: 6
The value of i: 7
The value of i: 8
The value of i: 9
The value of i: 10
2. When loop: -
This is an entry controlled loop. In this loop the condition is checked first. In this, the statements are executed until the condition is true.
Syntax: -
Start
When (condition)
,
// code
Increase / decrease;
,
Example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int i = 0;
When (i <= 10)
,
printf ("i's value:% d \ n", i);
i ++;
,
return 0;
,
Output:-
The value of i: 0
The value of i: 1
The value of i: 2
The value of i: 3
The value of i: 4
The value of i: 5
The value of i: 6
The value of i: 7
The value of i: 8
The value of i: 9
The value of i: 10
III. This loop is also like a while loop but it executes the statement first and then checks the condition. In this loop, the statement task is performed only once.
Syntax:
Start
do
// code
Increase / decrease;
} while (condition);
Example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int i = 0;
do
printf ("i's value:% d \ n", i);
i ++;
} while (i <= 10);
return 0;
,
Output:-
The value of i: 0
The value of i: 1
The value of i: 2
The value of i: 3
The value of i: 4
The value of i: 5
The value of i: 6
The value of i: 7
The value of i: 8
The value of i: 9
The value of i: 10
Break statement: -
Use of Break Keyword is out of loop (for, while, do-while) and Swith statement when a certain condition is satisfied.
Example of brake statement for loop with program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int i;
For (i = 1; i <= 10; i ++)
,
If (i == 6)
,
pause
,
printf ("% d \ t", i);
,
return 0;
,
Output:-
1 2 3 4 5
Note: - You can use brakes in any loop in the same way as brakes are used in use for loop.
Continue the statement: -
Continued keyword usage avoids the exact repetition of a certain condition loop and continues the loop from the next iteration.
Continue the example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int i;
For (i = 1; i <= 10; i ++)
,
If (i == 6)
,
Continue;
,
printf ("% d \ t", i);
,
return 0;
,
Output: -
1 2 3 4 5 7 8 9 10
Go to statement: -
Goto Statement C can also be used inside a function of the program. With the help of Goto statement you can move from one place to another in the flow control function of the program.
Sentence Structure :-
// Statement
Labels:
// Statement
Goto label;
// Statement
Go to the example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int i = 1;
Myprint: // label
printf ("% d \ t", i);
i ++;
If (i <= 10)
,
Goto Myprint; // Go to the statement with the count label
,
return 0;
,
Output: -
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Switch statement: -
The switch statement is also used like if else.
Syntax: -
Switch (variable or integer expression)
,
Case value 1:
// statement;
pause
Case value 2:
// statement;
pause
Case value 3:
// statement;
pause
Default:
// statement;
,
Change the statement example program: -
# Include <stdio.h>
int main ()
,
int num1, num2, answer, choice;
printf ("Enter first number:");
scanf ("% d", & num1);
printf ("Enter the second number:");f
scanf ("% d", & num2);
printf ("1. Addition \ n");
printf ("2. minus \ n");
printf ("Enter your preferences:");
scanf ("% d", & Choice);
Switch (choice).
Case 1:
Ans = num1 + num2;
printf ("Add:% d", Ans);
pause
Case 2:
Ans = num1-num2;
printf ("minus:% d", Ans);
pause
Default:
printf ("invalid choice");
,
return 0;
,
Output:-
Enter the first number: 36
Enter the second number: 25
1. Addition
2. Subtraction
Enter your preferences: 1
Additions: 61
.png)
